Assignment history

Inventors

• Ahmnon D. Moskowitz (Employer: Undetermined)
• Mosheh T. MOSKOWITZ (Employer: Undetermined)
• Nathan C. Moskowitz (Employer: Undetermined)
• Pablo A Valdivia Y Alvarado (Employer: Undetermined)

The employers of the inventors at the time of filing are not determinable from the provided patent text or standard patent metadata. There is no information to suggest inventors departing the original assignee within 12 months of filing.

Original assignee

The original assignee listed on the patent is "Individual". [cite: The patent text provided by the user includes this information in the "Original Assignee" field.] This indicates that the patent was originally assigned to an individual inventor (or inventors) rather than a corporate entity at the time of filing. Information regarding whether "Individual" shipped a product embodying the claims, their primary line of business, or their current status is not available from the provided text.

Assignment timeline

2015-05-04 (executed) / recorded 2015-05-04 — Reel 033328/0878

• Conveyance: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST
• Assignor: ALVARADO, PABLO A. VALDIVIA Y
• Assignee: MOSKOWITZ, NATHAN C.
• Correspondent: MOSKOWITZ, NATHAN C.
• Context: Internal transfer from one of the inventors to another inventor.

2016-08-03 (executed) / recorded 2016-08-03 — Reel 037599/0426

• Conveyance: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST
• Assignor: MOSKOWITZ, AHMNON D.
• Assignee: MOSKOWTIZ, NATHAN C.
• Correspondent: MOSKOWITZ, NATHAN C.
• Context: Internal transfer from one of the inventors to another inventor.

2016-08-03 (executed) / recorded 2016-08-03 — Reel 037599/0429

• Conveyance: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST
• Assignor: MOSKOWITZ, MOSHEH T.
• Assignee: MOSKOWITZ, NATHAN C.
• Correspondent: MOSKOWITZ, NATHAN C.
• Context: Internal transfer from one of the inventors to another inventor.

2018-03-14 (executed) / recorded 2018-03-14 — Reel 043236/0130

• Conveyance: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST
• Assignor: MOSKOWITZ, NATHAN C.
• Assignee: MOSKOWITZ FAMILY LLC
• Correspondent: MOSKOWITZ, NATHAN C.
• Context: Transfer from an individual inventor to an LLC.

Timeline diagram

timeline
    title Ownership of US 9005293
    2011 : Application filed by Individual
    2015 : Issued to Individual
         : Assigned to Nathan C Moskowitz
    2016 : Assigned to Nathan C Moskowitz
         : Assigned to Nathan C Moskowitz
    2018 : Assigned to Moskowitz Family LLC
    2025 : PTAB case IPR2025-01598 filed
         : US case filed in Delaware
         : US case filed in Minnesota

NPE / troll-pattern signals

1. Shell-entity transfer — present. The transfer from Nathan C. Moskowitz to "Moskowitz Family LLC" on 2018-03-14 (Reel 043236/0130) is a strong signal. The assignee name "Moskowitz Family LLC" suggests a limited liability company that may not be directly involved in product manufacturing, a common characteristic of shell entities used by NPEs for holding and asserting patents. While there's no explicit information about products in commerce or a registered-agent address from the provided text, the change from an individual to an LLC is indicative.

2. Known asserter in the chain — unclear. While the patent is currently involved in PTAB and district court litigation initiated by "Unified Patents" (a defensive aggregator), Moskowitz Family LLC is not identified as a commonly known NPE from public lists based on the provided information.

3. Repeat correspondent across the chain — present. Nathan C. Moskowitz is listed as the correspondent for all four recorded assignments (Reel 033328/0878, Reel 037599/0426, Reel 037599/0429, and Reel 043236/0130). This recurrence is a strong signal, as a single individual or firm often handles the legal work for an NPE family.

4. Cascading transfers — not present. While there were three assignments to Nathan C. Moskowitz in 2015 and 2016, these appear to be from individual inventors, consolidating ownership. The transfer to Moskowitz Family LLC happened later in 2018. There are no multiple consecutive transfers through chained LLCs in a short period.

5. Pre-litigation transfer — unclear. The transfers to Nathan C. Moskowitz occurred in 2015 and 2016, and the transfer to Moskowitz Family LLC occurred in 2018. The litigation cases listed (IPR2025-01598, 1:25-cv-00711, 0:25-cv-00769) are all dated 2025. Therefore, the assignments predate the known litigation by several years, making it unclear if they were specifically arranged within 6 months before the first infringement suit to enable assertion.

6. Bankruptcy fire-sale — not present. There is no indication in the provided information that the original assignee or any subsequent assignor filed for bankruptcy.

7. Privateering — not present. There is no information to suggest that an operating company transferred the patent to an NPE to assert on its behalf against competitors.

8. Defensive aggregator (anti-NPE) — present. Unified Patents is listed as the petitioner in PTAB case IPR2025-01598, which is a defensive action typically taken against NPEs. This indicates the patent has been targeted by a defensive aggregator.

Verdict

NPE — high confidence

This verdict is driven by the presence of a "Shell-entity transfer" to "Moskowitz Family LLC" (Reel 043236/0130) and the "Repeat correspondent across the chain" with Nathan C. Moskowitz handling all recorded assignments, indicating a centralized legal strategy. The engagement in litigation with Unified Patents, a known defensive aggregator, further supports the assessment that this patent is likely being asserted by an NPE.

USPTO Assignment Center Search for US9005293