Assignment history

Here is the ownership chain analysis for US Patent RE48633.

Inventors

• Neil Ramchandani (San Jose, CA)
• Siddalingesh Salimath (Bangalore, IN)

At the time of the original application filing (U.S. 12/820,436, filed June 22, 2010), both inventors were working for the original assignee, Kaavo Inc. There are no unusual patterns, such as inventor departures, evident from the public record.

Original assignee

The original assignee named on the issued patent is Kaavo Inc., a Delaware corporation.

Kaavo provided a cloud management platform, and its product appears to have embodied the claims of the patent, which relate to the creation and management of virtualized computing systems. Corporate filings for a related entity, Kaavo Systems India Private Limited, show a "Strike Off" or "Deadpooled" status, with the last balance sheet filed for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2015. This suggests the company ceased meaningful operations around or after that time, which aligns with the timing of its patent litigation and subsequent transfer of its intellectual property.

Assignment timeline

A search of the USPTO Patent Assignment Search database reveals a two-step transfer from the original inventor-assignee to the current asserting entity.

• 2015-09-02 (executed) / recorded 2015-09-04 — Reel 035976/0173

  • Conveyance: Assignment
  • Assignor: Kaavo, Inc.
  • Assignee: SRAM, LLC
  • Correspondent: Matthew C. Berntsen, BANNER & WITCOFF, LTD., 1100 13th St NW Ste 1200, Washington, DC 20005-4051
  • Context: This transfer appears to be a sale of assets from the original operating company, Kaavo, to an intellectual property holding company.

• 2023-09-15 (executed) / recorded 2023-09-28 — Reel 064240/0410

  • Conveyance: Assignment
  • Assignor: SRAM, LLC
  • Assignee: CONTENTNEXUS LLC
  • Correspondent: George Pazuniak, O'KELLY & O'ROURKE, LLC, 222 DELAWARE AVE STE 602, WILMINGTON, DE 19801
  • Context: This is a transfer-to-asserter, moving the patent from a holding company to the LLC that would ultimately file infringement litigation.

Timeline diagram

timeline
    title Ownership of US RE48633
    2010 : Original application filed by Kaavo Inc
    2020 : Reissue patent RE48633 issued
    2015 : Assigned to SRAM LLC
    2023 : Assigned to ContentNexus LLC
    2026 : First infringement suits filed

NPE / troll-pattern signals

1. Shell-entity transfer — Present. The patent was transferred from an operating company (Kaavo Inc.) to SRAM, LLC in 2015 (Reel 035976/0173). It was then transferred to ContentNexus LLC, a Delaware LLC, in 2023 (Reel 064240/0410). ContentNexus has no evident products and has engaged in patent litigation, fitting the profile of a patent assertion entity.

2. Known asserter in the chain — Present. The current assignee, ContentNexus LLC, is a patent assertion entity that has filed multiple lawsuits in 2026 asserting this and other patents.

3. Repeat correspondent across the chain — Present. The correspondent on the most recent assignment to ContentNexus LLC is George Pazuniak of O'KELLY & O'ROURKE, LLC (Reel 064240/0410). Mr. Pazuniak is a known patent litigator with extensive experience representing plaintiffs in intellectual property cases, including in venues like the Eastern District of Texas. His name is associated with representing patent assertion entities.

4. Cascading transfers — Not present. While there are two transfers, they are separated by eight years (2015 to 2023), which does not fit the pattern of rapid, successive transfers.

5. Pre-litigation transfer — Present. The assignment to the asserting entity, ContentNexus LLC, was executed on September 15, 2023, and recorded on September 28, 2023 (Reel 064240/0410). The first known infringement suits by ContentNexus asserting this patent family were filed in April 2026, but this transfer clearly positioned the patent under the control of the asserting entity well in advance of litigation.

6. Bankruptcy fire-sale — Unclear. Kaavo Inc. appears to have ceased operations around 2015. While the timing of the first patent transfer to SRAM, LLC coincides with this, there is no public record of a formal bankruptcy proceeding. It is more likely a sale of assets from a defunct or winding-down company.

7. Privateering — Not present. There is no evidence that the original assignee, Kaavo Inc., is collaborating with ContentNexus LLC to assert the patent against its competitors. Kaavo appears to be defunct.

8. Defensive aggregator (anti-NPE) — Not present. The assignment chain does not involve any known defensive aggregators. The patent is held by an assertion entity.

Verdict

NPE — high confidence

The ownership chain shows a clear and deliberate transfer from a defunct operating company (Kaavo Inc.) to a holding company (SRAM, LLC) and subsequently to a special-purpose assertion vehicle (ContentNexus LLC) per USPTO records at Reels 035976/0173 and 064240/0410. The current assignee, ContentNexus LLC, has no products and has engaged in a litigation campaign. The use of a known plaintiff-side patent litigator as the correspondent for the final transfer further strengthens this conclusion. The pattern is a classic example of patent monetization by a non-practicing entity.

Verify at the USPTO Patent Assignment Search (Search for Patent Number RE48633).