Northwest Biotherapeutics, Inc. ("NW Bio"), founded March 18, 1996, is a clinical-stage biotechnology company headquartered at 4800 Montgomery Lane, Bethesda, Maryland. It is publicly traded on the OTCQB under the ticker NWBO; CEO Linda F. Powers has led the company for many years. Reported size varies by source: stockanalysis.com lists 105 employees as of December 31, 2025 (up from 25 the prior year, likely reflecting the Advent acquisition), while some data aggregators still show roughly 25 employees. FY2025 revenue was about $1.38 million, with a net loss reported around $61–84 million depending on the source, and market capitalization in the $280–315 million range in mid-2026. The company is not a subsidiary.
Products / operations. NW Bio develops personalized dendritic-cell immunotherapies, chiefly via its DCVax platform, which uses a patient's activated dendritic cells to stimulate an immune response against tumors. Lead candidates include DCVax-L for glioblastoma (a completed 331-patient Phase III trial; a Marketing Authorization Application submitted to the UK MHRA) and DCVax-Direct for inoperable solid tumors (Phase I completed). DCVax-Prostate, using a recombinant PSMA antigen, was an earlier program. Manufacturing has been largely outsourced to contract manufacturers; in October 2025 NW Bio closed its acquisition of Advent BioServices Ltd., now a wholly owned subsidiary operating UK GMP facilities in London and Sawston, alongside its Flaskworks manufacturing-automation system.
Patent-litigation posture. The tracked data show NW Bio as a defendant in one patent case and plaintiff in none — the profile of an operating company being sued rather than a patent assertion entity. That single case, Lonza Group AG v. Northwest Biotherapeutics, Inc. (No. 8:2007cv03177, D. Md., filed November 27, 2007, originally filed in Delaware in July 2007), was a conventional infringement suit brought by a large CDMO, not an NPE campaign, and was not venued in the Eastern District of Texas.
Case context. Lonza asserted patents on recombinant DNA methods, vectors, cell lines and gene-expression systems, initially covering all DCVax products; it withdrew those broad claims in December 2007, narrowing to DCVax-Prostate. Per NW Bio disclosures, the dispute centered on a third-party manufacturer's (Medarex's) use of a gene-expression system to produce PSMA antigen, and was resolved without monetary payment or a license — NW Bio agreed only to destroy remaining PSMA inventory.