Prior art — US Patent 10674432

Here's an analysis of the most relevant prior art citations for US Patent 10,674,432, focusing on potential anticipation under 35 U.S.C. § 102. The selection prioritizes references whose titles indicate direct relevance to the core features of the independent claims (physiological sensing, proximity-based mode enablement, financial transactions, short-range communication, and multiple air interfaces).

Most Relevant Prior Art

US20040030601A1
- Full Citation: US20040030601A1, Pond Russell L., "Electronic payment methods for a mobile device", published 2004-02-12.
- Publication/Filing Date: Priority Date: 2000-09-29; Publication Date: 2004-02-12.
- Brief Description: This patent application describes methods for making electronic payments using a mobile device. It likely involves the mobile device interacting with a payment system to complete transactions.
- Potential Anticipation for US10674432 (Claims 1 & 10):
  - Financial Transactions by a Mobile Device: Directly anticipates the broad concept of a smartphone performing financial transactions.
  - Transmitting/Receiving Data for Transactions: Would likely involve transmitting payment requests and receiving confirmations/authorizations, as described in Claims 1 and 10 (transmitting first data, receiving second data).
  - This reference likely does not anticipate the specific triggers for mode enablement (physiological parameter), the use of distinct first and second air interfaces for different communication types, or the detailed two-step authorization process with a separate "first device" and "first entity" for proximate short-range communication.
US20040143550A1
- Full Citation: US20040143550A1, International Business Machines Corporation, "Cellular electronic wallet device and method", published 2004-07-22.
- Publication/Filing Date: Priority Date: 2002-12-19; Publication Date: 2004-07-22.
- Brief Description: This patent application focuses on a cellular electronic wallet, detailing a device and method for conducting transactions using a cellular phone as a digital wallet.
- Potential Anticipation for US10674432 (Claims 1 & 10):
  - Smartphone as an Electronic Wallet for Financial Transactions: Directly anticipates the fundamental idea of a mobile device (cellular electronic wallet) being used for financial transactions, including aspects like paying for items or tolls.
  - Proximity-based Payment: An "electronic wallet" context often implies proximity to a point-of-sale terminal for transaction completion.
  - Similar to US20040030601A1, this reference is unlikely to disclose the specific physiological parameter trigger for mode enablement, the explicit use of two distinct air interfaces (one short-range for the entity, another for network service), or the "first device" authorization mechanism separate from the "first entity" transaction.
US20060085297A1
- Full Citation: US20060085297A1, International Business Machines Corporation, "Customer interaction with inventory via RFID", published 2006-04-20.
- Publication/Filing Date: Priority Date: 2004-10-14; Publication Date: 2006-04-20.
- Brief Description: This patent application describes systems and methods for customers to interact with inventory using RFID technology, likely for purposes such as self-checkout or obtaining product information.
- Potential Anticipation for US10674432 (Claims 1 & 10):
  - Detecting Proximity to an Entity (Product) and Short-Range Communication: Anticipates detecting proximity to an "entity" (inventory items via RFID tags) and establishing a short-range communication link (RFID) with that entity. This aligns with the "first entity" and "first air interface" for receiving a short-range signal.
  - This reference primarily focuses on inventory interaction, not explicitly on the financial transaction details or the authorization flow from a "first device" in claims 1 and 10. It also doesn't explicitly mention physiological parameters or the use of a separate "second air interface" for a general communication service.
US20060133633A1
- Full Citation: US20060133633A1, VeriFone, Inc., "Secure transaction processing system and method using wireless mobile devices and multiple networks", published 2006-06-22.
- Publication/Filing Date: Priority Date: 2004-12-20; Publication Date: 2006-06-22.
- Brief Description: This patent application details a system and method for secure transaction processing utilizing wireless mobile devices and multiple communication networks.
- Potential Anticipation for US10674432 (Claims 1 & 10):
  - Financial Transactions using Wireless Mobile Devices: Directly anticipates the use of mobile devices for financial transactions.
  - Multiple Networks/Air Interfaces: The mention of "multiple networks" suggests the possibility of using different communication interfaces, which could potentially anticipate the "first air interface" and "second air interface" concepts, though the specific differentiation and purpose in US10674432 might be novel.
  - Secure Transaction Processing: This aligns with the need for authorization in US10674432.
  - This reference might not explicitly disclose the physiological parameter trigger, the "first device" for authorization, or the specific proximity detection mechanism involving a distinct "first entity" for short-range communication.
US6595929B2
- Full Citation: US6595929B2, Bodymedia, Inc., "System for monitoring health, wellness and fitness having a method and apparatus for improved measurement of heat flow", issued 2003-07-22.
- Publication/Filing Date: Priority Date: 2001-03-30; Publication Date: 2003-07-22.
- Brief Description: This patent describes a system and method for monitoring health and fitness, specifically including the measurement of physiological parameters such as heat flow.
- Potential Anticipation for US10674432 (Claims 1 & 10):
  - Sensing Physiological Parameters: Directly anticipates the "responsive to at least one physiological parameter having been sensed by at least one sensor of the smartphone" element.
  - However, this patent is primarily concerned with health monitoring and does not appear to link the sensing of physiological parameters to enabling a mode for financial transactions, proximity detection to an external entity for payment, or the use of multiple air interfaces for that purpose. Its primary focus is on data acquisition for health metrics, not as a transaction trigger.

Summary of Anticipation:

The prior art cited demonstrates individual elements found in US10674432's independent claims. Specifically:

US20040030601A1 and US20040143550A1 broadly anticipate the concept of a mobile device performing financial transactions and transmitting/receiving transaction-related data.
US20060085297A1 anticipates the use of short-range communication (RFID) for proximity-based interaction with entities (inventory).
US20060133633A1 suggests the use of wireless mobile devices for secure transactions across "multiple networks," potentially overlapping with the dual air interface concept.
US6595929B2 clearly anticipates the sensing of physiological parameters by a device.

However, none of these references, based on their titles and general descriptions, appear to anticipate the combination of all elements explicitly claimed in US10674432, particularly the enablement of a financial transaction mode specifically triggered by a physiological parameter, followed by obtaining authorization from a separate "first device" over a different air interface, and then performing the transaction using a short-range communication link (first air interface) with a distinct "first entity" while maintaining a general communication service over a "second air interface." The synergistic combination of these specific features seems to be a key distinguishing aspect of US10674432.