INDIVIDUAL

Two-hop network

Edges marked ⚖️ overlap with at least one infringement suit filed during the receiving entity’s tenure with the patent. Bold-bordered = this entity. Red = NPE; orange = shell LLC; green = defensive aggregator; blue = operating company.

flowchart LR
    Nindividual["INDIVIDUAL"]
    Njohn_t_sparks["JOHN T SPARKS"]
    Njohn_t_sparks -->|"2009 · Assignment · 8152059"| Nindividual
    classDef focal fill:#fef3c7,stroke:#92400e,stroke-width:3px,color:#1c1917
    classDef npe fill:#fee2e2,stroke:#be123c,stroke-width:2px,color:#1c1917
    classDef shell fill:#fed7aa,stroke:#9a3412,stroke-width:2px,color:#1c1917
    classDef defensive fill:#dcfce7,stroke:#15803d,stroke-width:2px,color:#1c1917
    classDef operating fill:#e0f2fe,stroke:#075985,stroke-width:1px,color:#1c1917
    class Nindividual focal

Patents previously held (1)

• US 81520592009-01-21 → 2025-07-16

Connected entities (1)

• ←JOHN T SPARKSindividual1 patent

Correspondent attorneys (1)

Attorneys / firms recorded with USPTO when this entity received a patent. Recurrence is the signal — many firms do both NPE and operating-company patent work, so a single appearance doesn’t mean much.

• JOHN T. SPARKS· JOHN T. SPARKS1 appearance