Prior art

Most Relevant Prior Art for US Patent 8,116,749

The following prior art documents were cited in US Patent 8,116,749. For each reference, a full citation, publication/filing date, brief description, and an analysis of its potential anticipation under 35 U.S.C. § 102 against the independent claims (Claims 1, 13, and 19) of US8116749 is provided. The core distinguishing features of US8116749's independent claims are: (1) short-range detection of an identifier from a second device, (2) sending this detected identifier to a central server via a long-range wireless connection, (3) the central server processing this identifier to determine relevant information based on disclosure policies, and (4) all application data exchange between the two devices being routed exclusively through the central server via long-range wireless, with the short-range connection used only for initial detection.

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Cited Patent Documents:

1. US6266524B1

   • Full Citation: US6266524B1 to Robert E. Lee et al., titled "Mobile communications device", issued July 24, 2001.
   • Publication/Filing Date: Issued July 24, 2001 (Filing Date: November 17, 1999).
   • Brief Description: Describes a mobile communication device with both short-range and long-range wireless transceivers. The device receives information from the communication system (long-range) to configure its short-range wireless transceiver.
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent discloses a device with both short-range and long-range radios. However, it does not describe the specific process of a first device using short-range to detect an identifier from a second device, sending that detected identifier to a central server, and then the server brokering all application data flow between the two devices. Its focus is on configuring the short-range link, not on anonymous, policy-based, server-brokered interaction between proximate entities. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

2. US6466782B1

   • Full Citation: US6466782B1 to Robert J. Sansom et al., titled "Location-based mobile commerce system and method", issued October 15, 2002.
   • Publication/Filing Date: Issued October 15, 2002 (Filing Date: November 15, 2000).
   • Brief Description: A system where a mobile device transmits a user identifier via a wireless network to a location-based server. Proximity transceivers receive this signal. The server associates the user with a location (via the transceiver), determines commercial offers based on location, and transmits them to the mobile device. The user can transmit an acceptance back to the server.
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent is highly relevant. It anticipates short-range detection (proximity transceiver receiving user ID), sending the ID via long-range to a server, server processing (determining offers based on location/policies), and returning information (offers) to the device. The system also allows for user acceptance, implying a form of interaction through the server. While it doesn't explicitly state that all application data flow between two entities (e.g., a customer and a vendor, rather than just a customer and a fixed transceiver) must go through the server, it describes significant server-brokered interaction based on proximity, making it a strong potential anticipatory reference for many elements of Claims 1, 13, and 19, particularly for e-commerce aspects.

3. US6647261B2

   • Full Citation: US6647261B2 to Keith C. W. Cheung et al., titled "Communication system for wireless local loop utilizing location based services", issued November 11, 2003.
   • Publication/Filing Date: Issued November 11, 2003 (Filing Date: February 26, 2002).
   • Brief Description: Describes a communication system where a device provides its location information to a location server via a wireless network, and the server generates location-based services.
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent focuses on traditional location-based services where a single device reports its own location to a server to receive services. It lacks the short-range detection of an identifier from a second device and the subsequent server-brokered application data exchange between two proximate devices. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

4. US6889053B2

   • Full Citation: US6889053B2 to Per Johansson et al., titled "Advertising via mobile terminals", issued May 3, 2005.
   • Publication/Filing Date: Issued May 3, 2005 (Filing Date: October 19, 2001).
   • Brief Description: Describes a method for communicating advertisements to a mobile terminal. A message with an advertisement identifier is received, and based on this, ads are retrieved from memory and presented. Ads can be location-related.
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent concerns advertisement delivery to a mobile terminal. While it can involve location, it does not detail short-range detection of an identifier from a second device to initiate an interaction, nor the server brokering all application data flow between two proximate entities based on that detection. It's more about pushing advertisements based on certain criteria. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

5. US7072648B2

   • Full Citation: US7072648B2 to Christian F. Muller et al., titled "Method and system for providing mobile messaging services to mobile users", issued July 4, 2006.
   • Publication/Filing Date: Issued July 4, 2006 (Filing Date: December 20, 2002).
   • Brief Description: A mobile radio network system where a message server uses a position detection server to determine the position of a receiving mobile user terminal and forwards messages considering that position.
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent focuses on location-aware message delivery. It does not teach short-range detection of an identifier from a second device to initiate an interaction leading to server-brokered application data flow between two proximate entities. Its mechanism for location-awareness is different from the short-range ID detection in US8116749. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

6. US7280808B2

   • Full Citation: US7280808B2 to Robert J. Sansom et al., titled "System and method for enabling mobile and location-based electronic commerce transactions", issued October 9, 2007.
   • Publication/Filing Date: Issued October 9, 2007 (Filing Date: July 18, 2001).
   • Brief Description: Describes a system for mobile e-commerce where a mobile device conducts a transaction with a remote party based on the mobile device's determined location.
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent addresses mobile e-commerce using a device's location, but the transactions are with a "remote party," and the location determination doesn't rely on short-range detection of an identifier from a second proximate device. It lacks the specific interaction model of US8116749. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

7. US7424269B2

   • Full Citation: US7424269B2 to Daniel Ahrens et al., titled "Location-aware social network for mobile devices", issued September 9, 2008.
   • Publication/Filing Date: Issued September 9, 2008 (Filing Date: February 20, 2007).
   • Brief Description: Describes a location-aware social network where a user's location (e.g., from GPS) is sent to a server. The server compares locations of specified users and notifies them if they are within a certain distance, enabling social interaction.
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent is relevant for the application of proximity-based social networking with a central server. However, the proximity detection mechanism is based on GPS or similar long-range location methods, not on the short-range detection of an identifier directly transmitted from a second device. Therefore, it does not anticipate the specific technical mechanism of short-range ID detection followed by server-brokered long-range communication as claimed in US8116749. The first step of claims 1, 13, and 19 (detecting an identifier using short-range wireless) is notably absent.

8. US20020184138A1

   • Full Citation: US20020184138A1 to Robert J. Sansom et al., titled "Method and apparatus for enabling mobile e-commerce transactions using wireless devices", published December 5, 2002.
   • Publication/Filing Date: Published December 5, 2002 (Filing Date: May 30, 2001).
   • Brief Description: This is the application corresponding to US6466782B1. It describes a mobile commerce system where a mobile device transmits a user identifier, received by proximity transceivers, and relayed through a wireless network to a server. The server associates the ID with location and determines/transmits commercial offers, with user acceptance also possible.
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): As the published application for US6466782B1, it shares the same strong anticipatory potential. It describes short-range ID detection, sending the ID to a server via long-range, server processing, and returning information/offers, with some interaction. The key distinction from US8116749 lies in the explicit requirement that all application data flow between the two proximate devices/entities (not just offers and acceptances related to an offer from a fixed transceiver) is routed through the central server. However, it is a very strong reference, particularly for claims involving e-commerce and proximity-based server interaction.

9. US20030017830A1

   • Full Citation: US20030017830A1 to Robert J. Sansom et al., titled "Method and apparatus for facilitating wireless e-commerce transactions using a wireless device", published January 23, 2003.
   • Publication/Filing Date: Published January 23, 2003 (Filing Date: July 18, 2001).
   • Brief Description: This is the application corresponding to US7280808B2. It describes mobile e-commerce where a mobile device conducts a transaction with a remote party based on its location.
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): Similar to US7280808B2, this patent focuses on a single mobile device performing e-commerce based on its own location, without the short-range detection of an identifier from a second device to initiate interaction and server-brokered application data exchange between two proximate devices. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

10. US20030064730A1

    • Full Citation: US20030064730A1 to Erik P. Lindwall et al., titled "Location-based content delivery", published April 3, 2003.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published April 3, 2003 (Filing Date: September 28, 2001).
    • Brief Description: Discloses techniques for providing location-based content delivery, where a content server stores content for locations, a position determining entity finds a mobile station's position, and a content delivery application retrieves content based on that position.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent describes general location-based content delivery, not specifically short-range ID detection from a second device and server-brokered application data flow between two proximate devices. It's about a device receiving content based on its own location. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

11. US20040180696A1

    • Full Citation: US20040180696A1 to Masaki Kitada et al., titled "Location-based information provision system", published September 16, 2004.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published September 16, 2004 (Filing Date: November 15, 2002).
    • Brief Description: A location-based information provision system that provides information corresponding to a mobile terminal's current position and direction of movement, such as recommended facilities.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent is another example of a location-based information system. It relies on the mobile terminal's own location, not on short-range detection of another device's identifier to initiate a brokered interaction between two proximate devices. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

12. US20050075095A1

    • Full Citation: US20050075095A1 to Christian F. Muller et al., titled "Method and system for providing mobile messaging services to mobile users", published April 7, 2005.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published April 7, 2005 (Filing Date: December 20, 2002).
    • Brief Description: This is the application corresponding to US7072648B2. It describes a mobile messaging system that uses a position detection server to deliver messages based on the recipient's location.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): Similar to US7072648B2, this patent focuses on location-aware message delivery, without the short-range ID detection from a second device to initiate and server-broker application data flow between two proximate entities. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

13. US20050143093A1

    • Full Citation: US20050143093A1 to Jeffrey M. Lotspiech et al., titled "System and method for providing proximity-based services", published June 30, 2005.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published June 30, 2005 (Filing Date: December 20, 2004).
    • Brief Description: Describes a system for delivering content to a mobile device based on its proximity to other devices, locations, or mobile communication devices. Proximity can be determined via LBS systems, peer-to-peer RF ranging, and the like. Content is delivered via a wireless network.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent is highly relevant as it explicitly mentions "peer-to-peer RF ranging" for proximity determination (which aligns with short-range detection) and content delivery via a wireless network (long-range). This anticipates many aspects of US8116749, particularly the short-range detection and server-based content delivery. The differentiator for US8116749's independent claims (1, 13, 19) would be the explicit and mandatory routing of all application data flow between the two proximate devices/entities through the central server, and the comprehensive server-brokered policy application for two-way interactions, beyond just content delivery.

14. US20050186938A1

    • Full Citation: US20050186938A1 to Kazuhiro Suzuki et al., titled "Personal area network, personal area communication method, information processing apparatus, and computer program", published August 25, 2005.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published August 25, 2005 (Filing Date: February 18, 2005).
    • Brief Description: A portable information terminal with short-distance and long-distance wireless functions. It transmits its own information via short-distance and information about other short-distance connected apparatuses to an external network via long-distance.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent describes a device acting as a gateway, collecting information about proximate devices via short-range and relaying it to a network via long-range. This strongly anticipates the elements of detecting proximate devices and sending their identifiers to a central server. However, it does not explicitly describe the server then brokering all application data flow for two-way interaction directly between the detected devices/entities based on detailed policies for disclosure. It's more focused on the gateway function. Claims 1 and 13 could be partially anticipated, especially regarding the reporting of detected IDs.

15. US20060020525A1

    • Full Citation: US20060020525A1 to Charles A. Goldfarb et al., titled "Method and system for providing targeted advertising content and services", published January 26, 2006.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published January 26, 2006 (Filing Date: July 23, 2004).
    • Brief Description: A system for delivering targeted advertising to a wireless device based on its location and preferences. The device may also determine proximity to other wireless devices with relevant content and request ads from an advertisement server based on this proximity.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent is relevant as it mentions determining "proximity to other wireless devices" to request advertising content from a server. This covers short-range proximity detection and server interaction for information delivery. The key distinction for US8116749 would be the comprehensive "exchange of application data flow between the two devices" through the server, and the explicit policy enforcement for general two-way interaction beyond just receiving advertisements. It could anticipate elements of Claims 1 and 13, particularly concerning one-way content (advertising) delivery.

16. US20060026071A1

    • Full Citation: US20060026071A1 to Hideyuki Maegawa, titled "Advertising system using a mobile device", published February 2, 2006.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published February 2, 2006 (Filing Date: August 2, 2004).
    • Brief Description: An advertising system where a mobile device receives content and advertisements based on its current location and sends user preferences to a service server, which then obtains and delivers ads.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent focuses on location-based advertising without explicitly detailing short-range detection of an identifier from a second device to initiate the interaction or server-brokered application data flow between two proximate entities. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

17. US20060035619A1

    • Full Citation: US20060035619A1 to Per Johansson et al., titled "Method and apparatus for advertising via mobile terminals", published February 16, 2006.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published February 16, 2006 (Filing Date: October 19, 2001).
    • Brief Description: This is the application corresponding to US6889053B2. It describes communicating advertisements to a mobile terminal based on a message containing an advertisement identifier, potentially related to location.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): Similar to US6889053B2, this patent is about advertisement delivery. It lacks the short-range ID detection from a second device initiating interaction and the server-brokered application data flow between two proximate devices. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

18. US20060068772A1

    • Full Citation: US20060068772A1 to Kenji Ogino et al., titled "Location-based service system, method, server, mobile terminal and program", published March 30, 2006.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published March 30, 2006 (Filing Date: December 28, 2004).
    • Brief Description: A location-based service system where a mobile terminal transmits its position information to a location management server, which then interacts with a service providing server for services.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent describes a general LBS system based on a device's own reported location, not on short-range detection of an identifier from a second device to initiate a brokered interaction between two proximate devices. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

19. US20060246940A1

    • Full Citation: US20060246940A1 to Paul S. Gurevich et al., titled "Proximity-based mobile social networking service", published November 2, 2006.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published November 2, 2006 (Filing Date: May 2, 2005).
    • Brief Description: Describes a proximity-based mobile social networking service allowing users to locate and connect with others nearby. Proximity detection can use "short-range wireless technologies (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi)." Communication between devices can be direct (peer-to-peer) or through a server.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent is highly relevant. It directly teaches short-range wireless for proximity detection and the option for communication "through a server." This anticipates many elements of Claims 1, 13, and 19 related to short-range detection and server-based communication for social networking. The distinction for US8116749 lies in the explicit requirement that all application data flow (not just some communication) between the two proximate devices/entities is routed through the central server, and the robust policy enforcement for disclosure in this two-way interaction. If "communication through a server" in this reference fully encompasses US8116749's "all application data flow" and server-brokered policy application for interaction between specific entities, then it could be highly anticipatory of Claims 1, 13, and 19.

20. US20070118625A1

    • Full Citation: US20070118625A1 to William F. H. B. Young et al., titled "Location-based personal communication system and method", published May 24, 2007.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published May 24, 2007 (Filing Date: November 18, 2005).
    • Brief Description: A system where a mobile device provides its location to a server, which maintains user presence information (including location) and provides it to other users based on privacy settings, enabling communication. Location via GPS or cell ID.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): Similar to US7424269B2, this patent relies on GPS or cell ID for location determination, not the short-range detection of an identifier from a second device as central to US8116749. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

21. US20070184852A1

    • Full Citation: US20070184852A1 to Sumeer Goel et al., titled "System and method for location-based communications", published August 9, 2007.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published August 9, 2007 (Filing Date: February 9, 2006).
    • Brief Description: A system for location-based communications where a mobile station obtains its location and an application server provides services based on it. Communication with other mobile stations can occur based on relative locations. Location can be obtained via GPS, WLAN, etc.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): While "WLAN" is mentioned as a positioning technique, this patent's primary focus is on LBS based on a device's own determined location. It doesn't clearly articulate short-range device-to-device identifier detection to initiate server-brokered application data flow between two proximate entities. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

22. US20070213076A1

    • Full Citation: US20070213076A1 to Sasu Tarkoma et al., titled "Providing personalized information to a mobile device based on proximity to an object", published September 13, 2007.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published September 13, 2007 (Filing Date: March 9, 2006).
    • Brief Description: A mobile device detects its proximity to an object (e.g., via RFID, Bluetooth, or other short-range radio). The device then transmits an identifier of the object to a server. The server retrieves personalized information related to the object and the user and sends it to the mobile device.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent is highly relevant. It anticipates a mobile device detecting proximity to an object via short-range radio (detection of an identifier), sending this identifier to a server via long-range, and the server providing information back. This directly anticipates the "broadcast device" embodiments of US8116749 and elements of Claims 1 and 13. The main distinction for US8116749's broader claims (1, 19) is the requirement for the server to broker all two-way application data flow between two proximate devices/entities for general interaction and transactions, not just one-way information delivery related to a detected object.

23. US20070218903A1

    • Full Citation: US20070218903A1 to Robert J. Sansom et al., titled "System and method for providing mobile e-commerce to a user based on proximity of a mobile device to a location and an object", published September 20, 2007.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published September 20, 2007 (Filing Date: March 15, 2006).
    • Brief Description: A system for mobile e-commerce where a mobile device in proximity to a location and/or an object can initiate an e-commerce transaction. Proximity can be determined via GPS, cell tower triangulation, or short-range wireless communication. The mobile device communicates with an e-commerce server to verify proximity and process the transaction.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent is highly relevant for the e-commerce aspects of US8116749. It explicitly mentions short-range wireless for proximity determination and server interaction for processing transactions. This strongly anticipates Claims 1, 13, and 19 related to proximity-based e-commerce. The differentiator for US8116749 would still be the explicit emphasis on all application data flow between the two devices/entities being brokered by the central server, and the robust application of policies for disclosure between the specific entities involved in the transaction, which might be more detailed or comprehensive in US8116749.

24. US20080182591A1

    • Full Citation: US20080182591A1 to David E. W. J. Winterbottom et al., titled "Providing targeted advertisements to mobile wireless devices based on location and proximity information", published July 31, 2008.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published July 31, 2008 (Filing Date: December 13, 2007).
    • Brief Description: Describes providing targeted advertisements to mobile devices based on location (e.g., Wi-Fi positioning) and proximity to other devices or points of interest. A server manages location data and advertisement delivery.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): While it mentions proximity for ad delivery through a server, the method of proximity determination is not explicitly described as short-range identifier detection from a second device initiating an interaction for application data flow between two entities. If proximity is primarily determined by Wi-Fi positioning (based on AP signals), then it wouldn't anticipate the specific short-range ID exchange of US8116749. It's less likely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19.

25. US20080208643A1

    • Full Citation: US20080208643A1 to Mikko Vesa Antero Malinen, titled "Anonymous coupon service", published August 28, 2008.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published August 28, 2008 (Filing Date: March 15, 2007).
    • Brief Description: An anonymous coupon service where a mobile device receives a coupon offer from a broadcast source (e.g., Bluetooth beacon) when in proximity. The mobile device interacts with a server to redeem the coupon, with user identity kept anonymous to the merchant.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This patent is highly relevant. It describes short-range proximity detection (Bluetooth beacon) of an identifier/offer, server interaction for a transaction (redemption), and anonymity. This strongly anticipates elements of Claims 1 and 13, especially in the context of one-way content (coupon) delivery from a broadcast device and subsequent anonymous server-brokered transaction. The key differentiator for US8116749's independent claims (1, 13, 19) would be the specific requirement for the server to broker all application data flow for two-way general interactions and transactions between two distinct entities (beyond just coupon redemption related to a beacon), along with comprehensive policy enforcement for such interactions.

26. US20090036127A1

    • Full Citation: US20090036127A1 to Daniel Ahrens et al., titled "Methods and systems for a location-based social network", published February 5, 2009.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published February 5, 2009 (Filing Date: February 20, 2007).
    • Brief Description: This is the application corresponding to US7424269B2. It describes a location-aware social network where user locations (e.g., from GPS) are sent to a server, which notifies users of proximate friends.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): Similar to US7424269B2, this patent relies on GPS-based location, not short-range ID detection from a second device, for proximity determination. Thus, it is unlikely to fully anticipate Claims 1, 13, or 19's specific short-range detection mechanism.

27. US20090042583A1

    • Full Citation: US20090042583A1 to Jeffrey M. Lotspiech et al., titled "System and method for providing proximity-based services", published February 12, 2009.
    • Publication/Filing Date: Published February 12, 2009 (Filing Date: December 20, 2004).
    • Brief Description: This is the application corresponding to US20050143093A1. It describes delivering content to a mobile device based on its proximity (e.g., via peer-to-peer RF ranging) to other devices, with content delivered via a wireless network.
    • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): Similar to US20050143093A1, this patent is highly relevant due to its mention of "peer-to-peer RF ranging" for proximity and server-based content delivery. The key differentiator for US8116749's claims would be the explicit and mandatory routing of all application data flow between the two proximate devices/entities through the central server, and the comprehensive server-brokered policy application for two-way interactions, beyond just content delivery.

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Cited Non-Patent Literature Documents:

1. "Bluetooth Protocol Architecture"

   • Full Citation: "Bluetooth Protocol Architecture", [online] Sep. 23, 2002, pp. 1-10, XP002422037, Retrieved from the Internet: URL:http://www.palowireless.com/infotooth/tutorial/arch.asp.
   • Publication/Filing Date: September 23, 2002.
   • Brief Description: This document details the fundamental architecture, protocols, and mechanisms of Bluetooth technology, including how devices discover each other and exchange basic identifying information (like device addresses or names).
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This NPL establishes that the use of Bluetooth as a short-range wireless capability for device detection and identifier transmission was well-known prior to US8116749. This anticipates the underlying technology for the "detect an identifier transmitted from a second device... using a first short range wireless capability" element of Claims 1, 13, and 19.

2. "Location-based Services"

   • Full Citation: "Location-based Services", [online] Oct. 17, 2002, pp. 1-6, XP002422038, Retrieved from the Internet: URL:http://www.palowireless.com/infotooth/tutorial/lbs.asp.
   • Publication/Filing Date: October 17, 2002.
   • Brief Description: This document provides a general overview of Location-Based Services (LBS), covering how location information is determined and used to provide various services.
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): This NPL confirms that the general concept of LBS and server interaction based on location was known. It provides context for the application of proximity-based systems but does not detail the specific short-range ID detection and server-brokered interaction claimed in US8116749.

3. Various Wikipedia Articles (e.g., "Wireless personal area network", "Wireless Local Area Network", "IEEE 802.11", "IEEE 802.15", "IEEE 802.16", "IEEE 802.15.1")

   • Full Citation: Retrieved from Wikipedia, URLs provided in patent, retrieved on May 19, 2008.
   • Publication/Filing Date: Retrieved May 19, 2008.
   • Brief Description: These articles provide fundamental technical descriptions of various wireless networking standards and concepts, including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, WiMAX, and the definition of personal and local area networks, as well as their basic operational principles (e.g., MAC addresses, SSIDs, beacons).
   • Potential Anticipation (35 U.S.C. § 102): These NPL documents establish that the underlying short-range and long-range wireless communication technologies and their basic methods of operation (e.g., how identifiers like MAC addresses or SSIDs are used for detection) were generally known in the art before the filing date of US8116749. They anticipate the technological building blocks but not the specific system architecture and method claimed in US8116749.

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