Prior art — US Patent 12171593

To identify the most relevant prior art for US patent 12171593, I will examine the patent citations listed within its document. The USPTO's Patent Public Search tool and Google Patents are reliable sources for this information.

Based on the provided patent text, US patent 12171593 lists several "Patent Citations." These are typically references considered by the examiner during the prosecution of the patent application and represent relevant prior art.

Here's an analysis of the patent citations to identify the most relevant prior art:

Patent Citations for US12171593B2:

The patent 12171593B2 explicitly lists the following "Patent Citations" and "Non-Patent Citations". I will focus on the patent citations as requested.

1. US6298260B1 - Respiration responsive gating means and apparatus and methods using the same

Full Citation: US6298260B1
Publication Date: 2001-10-02
Priority Date: 1998-02-25
Assignee: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Brief Description: This patent describes respiration-responsive gating for medical imaging, particularly for reducing motion artifacts. It involves detecting respiratory movement and using that information to gate image acquisition or reconstruction.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This patent potentially anticipates elements of Claim 1, particularly "acquiring image data corresponding to successive digital images... with temporally cyclical signals corresponding to periodic motion of a moving object," "determining, based on the time varying object motion function, phase information for the periodic motion," and "generating at least one image correcting for the periodic motion... based on the acquired image data and the determined phase information," as it deals with respiration-responsive gating to correct for motion.

2. US6144874A - Respiratory gating method for MR imaging

Full Citation: US6144874A
Publication Date: 2000-11-07
Priority Date: 1998-10-15
Assignee: General Electric Company
Brief Description: This patent focuses on a respiratory gating method specifically for MR imaging. It aims to reduce motion artifacts caused by respiration during MR scans.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): Similar to US6298260B1, this patent could anticipate aspects of Claim 1 related to acquiring image data with cyclical signals corresponding to periodic motion and correcting for that motion using gating, but specifically within the context of MRI.

3. US6556695B1 - Method for producing high resolution real-time images, of structure and function during medical procedures

Full Citation: US6556695B1
Publication Date: 2003-04-29
Priority Date: 1999-02-05
Assignee: Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research
Brief Description: This patent describes methods for producing high-resolution real-time images during medical procedures, which could involve accounting for motion to maintain image quality.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): While broader, it could potentially anticipate the general concept of "generating at least one image correcting for the periodic motion" within Claim 1 if the described methods involve motion correction through gating or similar techniques based on periodic physiological signals.

4. US6501981B1 - Apparatus and method for compensating for respiratory and patient motions during treatment

Full Citation: US6501981B1
Publication Date: 2002-12-31
Priority Date: 1999-03-16
Assignee: Accuray, Inc.
Brief Description: This patent describes an apparatus and method for compensating for respiratory and patient motions during medical treatment, particularly in the context of radiation therapy.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This patent directly addresses compensating for respiratory and patient motion, making it highly relevant to Claim 1's steps of acquiring image data, identifying periodic motion, and correcting for it.

5. US6539074B1 - Reconstruction of multislice tomographic images from four-dimensional data

Full Citation: US6539074B1
Publication Date: 2003-03-25
Priority Date: 2000-08-25
Assignee: General Electric Company
Brief Description: This patent focuses on reconstructing multislice tomographic images from four-dimensional data, which often includes a temporal dimension to account for motion.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This could potentially anticipate aspects of Claim 1 related to acquiring successive images over time and generating corrected images, especially if the four-dimensional data inherently incorporates or allows for the derivation of motion phase information for correction.

6. US7734078B2 - System and method for generating composite substraction images for magnetic resonance imaging

Full Citation: US7734078B2
Publication Date: 2010-06-08
Priority Date: 2002-09-18
Assignee: Cornell Research Foundation, Inc.
Brief Description: This patent describes generating composite subtraction images for MRI, which can be used to visualize changes over time or remove static background, implicitly dealing with motion management.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): While not directly about "gating," the concept of generating composite images that account for changes (which could be motion-induced) might touch upon the broader idea of "generating at least one image correcting for the periodic motion" in Claim 1.

7. US20040218794A1 - Method for processing perfusion images

Full Citation: US20040218794A1
Publication Date: 2004-11-04
Priority Date: 2003-05-01
Assignee: Yi-Hsuan Kao
Brief Description: This patent describes a method for processing perfusion images, which often involves dynamic imaging and thus may implicitly handle motion, though not explicitly retrospective internal gating.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This patent might anticipate the step of "acquiring image data corresponding to successive digital images" if it involves time-series image acquisition. The connection to motion correction might be less direct compared to other citations.

8. US7359535B2 - Systems and methods for retrospective internal gating

Full Citation: US7359535B2
Publication Date: 2008-04-15
Priority Date: 2003-06-20
Assignee: Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc
Brief Description: This patent explicitly refers to "Systems and methods for retrospective internal gating," directly aligning with the title and subject matter of US12171593. It would describe techniques for internal gating based on acquired image data.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This is a highly relevant prior art. It could potentially anticipate significant portions of Claim 1, including "acquiring image data," "extracting information for a plurality of arrays," "generating a time varying object motion function," "determining... phase information," and "generating at least one image correcting for the periodic motion." The key would be the specific mechanisms described for internal gating and how they compare to the voxel-based signal fluctuation analysis in US12171593.

9. US20050123183A1 - Data driven motion correction for nuclear imaging

Full Citation: US20050123183A1
Publication Date: 2005-06-09
Priority Date: 2003-09-02
Assignee: Paul Schleyer
Brief Description: This patent application describes data-driven motion correction for nuclear imaging, which aligns with the PET imaging context mentioned in the abstract of US12171593.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This is also highly relevant. It could potentially anticipate parts of Claim 1, especially concerning "acquiring image data" (for nuclear imaging), "extracting information for a plurality of arrays" (from image data), and "generating at least one image correcting for the periodic motion" using a data-driven approach.

10. US7756307B2 - Method of, and software for, conducting motion correction for a tomographic scanner

Full Citation: US7756307B2
Publication Date: 2010-07-13
Priority Date: 2003-10-17
Assignee: Hammersmith Imanet Limited
Brief Description: This patent describes a method and software for motion correction in tomographic scanners.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This patent is very relevant to the core of Claim 1, particularly the steps of "acquiring image data," "generating a time varying object motion function," and "generating at least one image correcting for the periodic motion" within the context of tomographic imaging. It could also be highly relevant to Claim 19 (computer-readable medium) and Claim 20 (system) given its focus on software for motion correction.

11. US7574249B2 - Device-less gating of physiological movement for improved image detection

Full Citation: US7574249B2
Publication Date: 2009-08-11
Priority Date: 2005-02-08
Assignee: General Electric Company
Brief Description: This patent describes "device-less gating of physiological movement," directly addressing the goal of US12171593 to avoid external hardware. It would likely use internal image information for gating.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This is another highly relevant prior art. It could potentially anticipate the essence of Claim 1, especially the concept of retrospective internal gating without external devices, and the steps of deriving motion information from image data to correct for periodic motion.

12. US20070081704A1 - System, program product, and methods for attenuation correction of emission data on PET/CT and SPECT/CT

Full Citation: US20070081704A1
Publication Date: 2007-04-12
Priority Date: 2005-03-17
Assignee: The University Of Texas System
Brief Description: This patent application describes attenuation correction for emission data in PET/CT and SPECT/CT. While not directly about motion gating, accurate attenuation correction can be impacted by motion, so techniques might implicitly consider or manage motion effects.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This patent's relevance might be more indirect, potentially anticipating the "acquiring image data" step if it involves PET data. Its direct anticipation of the motion gating and correction steps of Claim 1 is less certain without more detailed analysis of its specific methods for handling motion-related attenuation issues.

13. US20080226149A1 - Motion Compensation in Functional Imaging

Full Citation: US20080226149A1
Publication Date: 2008-09-18
Priority Date: 2005-08-04
Assignee: Hans-Aloys Wischmann
Brief Description: This patent application addresses motion compensation in functional imaging, a broad category that includes PET.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This is relevant to the general concept of motion correction in imaging and could anticipate aspects of Claim 1 regarding "acquiring image data," "extracting information," and "generating at least one image correcting for the periodic motion." The specifics of the motion compensation method would determine the directness of anticipation.

14. US20070127797A1 - Methods and systems to facilitate reducing banding artifacts in images

Full Citation: US20070127797A1
Publication Date: 2007-06-07
Priority Date: 2005-11-23
Assignee: General Electric Company
Brief Description: This patent application focuses on reducing banding artifacts in images. While banding artifacts can be motion-related, the primary focus might not be general retrospective internal gating.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): The direct anticipation of Claim 1's steps related to retrospective internal gating based on cyclical signals might be limited unless the method for reducing banding artifacts explicitly involves deriving and using periodic motion information for correction.

15. US20070237372A1 - Cross-time and cross-modality inspection for medical image diagnosis

Full Citation: US20070237372A1
Publication Date: 2007-10-11
Priority Date: 2005-12-29
Assignee: Shoupu Chen
Brief Description: This patent application deals with cross-time and cross-modality inspection for medical image diagnosis. While it involves comparing images over time, it's not explicitly about motion gating for image correction.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This patent might broadly anticipate "acquiring image data corresponding to successive digital images" in Claim 1. However, its direct relevance to the specific internal gating and motion correction methodology of US12171593 is likely low.

16. US20090290774A1 - Dynamic computed tomography imaging

Full Citation: US20090290774A1
Publication Date: 2009-11-26
Priority Date: 2006-05-26
Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N. V.
Brief Description: This patent application describes dynamic computed tomography imaging, which by its nature involves acquiring images over time to capture changes, including motion.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This could potentially anticipate the "acquiring image data corresponding to successive digital images" step of Claim 1, especially in the context of CT. The specific method for handling motion within the dynamic imaging would determine its further relevance to other steps of Claim 1.

17. US20080253636A1 - Respiratory motion extraction from tomographic projection and image data

Full Citation: US20080253636A1
Publication Date: 2008-10-16
Priority Date: 2007-04-11
Assignee: Deller Timothy W
Brief Description: This patent application specifically describes "respiratory motion extraction from tomographic projection and image data," which is very similar to the core idea of US12171593.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This is highly relevant prior art and could potentially anticipate several steps of Claim 1, including "extracting information for a plurality of arrays" (from tomographic data), "generating a time varying object motion function" (based on extracted respiratory motion), and "determining... phase information."

18. US8229187B2 - Respiratory motion extraction from tomographic projection and image data

Full Citation: US8229187B2
Publication Date: 2012-07-24
Priority Date: 2007-04-11
Assignee: General Electric Company
Brief Description: This is a granted patent stemming from the same priority date as US20080253636A1, also focused on respiratory motion extraction from tomographic data.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): As a granted patent covering the same subject matter as a highly relevant application (US20080253636A1), this is also highly relevant and could potentially anticipate several steps of Claim 1, particularly those related to extracting respiratory motion signals from image data and using them for motion correction.

19. US9814431B2 - Methods and systems for retrospective internal gating

Full Citation: US9814431B2
Publication Date: 2017-11-14
Priority Date: 2007-05-04
Assignee: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Brief Description: This patent shares the exact same title ("Methods and systems for retrospective internal gating") and assignee as US12171593. It also shares the same priority date of 2007-05-04. The description of US12171593 states it is a continuation of several applications, including U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/151,121, filed May 5, 2008 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,814,431), which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application 60/916,200, filed May 4, 2007. This means US9814431B2 is a direct parent patent in the same patent family as US12171593.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This patent is essentially the foundational patent for US12171593 within the same family. Therefore, it would directly anticipate all claims of US12171593 under 35 U.S.C. § 102 as it discloses the same invention with an earlier publication or priority date. The claims of US12171593 would likely represent specific refinements or variations of the methods and systems described in US9814431B2, or be continuations of the same subject matter.

Given that US12171593B2 is a continuation of US9814431B2, the latter is the most relevant prior art as it describes the same invention with an earlier priority date.

20. US10117625B2 - Methods and systems for retrospective internal gating

Full Citation: US10117625B2
Publication Date: 2018-11-06
Priority Date: 2007-05-04
Assignee: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Brief Description: This patent also shares the exact same title and assignee as US12171593 and the same priority date of 2007-05-04. The description of US12171593 states it is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/728,373, filed Oct. 9, 2017 (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,117,625). This confirms it is another direct parent patent in the same patent family.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): Similar to US9814431B2, this patent is a direct parent and would anticipate all claims of US12171593 under 35 U.S.C. § 102 as it discloses the same invention with an earlier publication or priority date.

21. US10448903B2 - Methods and systems for retrospective internal gating

Full Citation: US10448903B2
Publication Date: 2019-10-22
Priority Date: 2007-05-04
Assignee: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Brief Description: This patent also shares the exact same title and assignee as US12171593 and the same priority date of 2007-05-04. The description of US12171593 states it is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/178,332, filed Nov. 1, 2018 (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,448,903). This confirms it is another direct parent patent in the same patent family.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): Similar to US9814431B2 and US10117625B2, this patent is a direct parent and would anticipate all claims of US12171593 under 35 U.S.C. § 102 as it discloses the same invention with an earlier publication or priority date.

22. US10863950B2 - Methods and systems for retrospective internal gating

Full Citation: US10863950B2
Publication Date: 2020-12-15
Priority Date: 2007-05-04
Assignee: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Brief Description: This patent also shares the exact same title and assignee as US12171593 and the same priority date of 2007-05-04. The description of US12171593 states it is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/395,201, filed Apr. 25, 2019 (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,863,950). This confirms it is another direct parent patent in the same patent family.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): Similar to the other direct parent patents, this patent would anticipate all claims of US12171593 under 35 U.S.C. § 102 as it discloses the same invention with an earlier publication or priority date.

23. US11369322B2 - Methods and systems for retrospective internal gating

Full Citation: US11369322B2
Publication Date: 2022-06-28
Priority Date: 2007-05-04
Assignee: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Brief Description: This patent also shares the exact same title and assignee as US12171593 and the same priority date of 2007-05-04. The description of US12171593 states it is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/120,579, filed Dec. 14, 2020 (now U.S. Pat. No. 11,369,322). This confirms it is another direct parent patent in the same patent family.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): Similar to the other direct parent patents, this patent would anticipate all claims of US12171593 under 35 U.S.C. § 102 as it discloses the same invention with an earlier publication or priority date.

24. US20100183206A1 - Adjusting acquisition protocols for dynamic medical imaging using dynamic models

Full Citation: US20100183206A1
Publication Date: 2010-07-22
Priority Date: 2007-06-21
Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Brief Description: This patent application describes adjusting acquisition protocols for dynamic medical imaging using dynamic models. This is related to managing time-varying data in medical imaging.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This could broadly anticipate "acquiring image data corresponding to successive digital images" (dynamic imaging) and possibly the use of models to understand periodic motion. The specific details of internal gating based on voxel fluctuations in US12171593 would determine the degree of anticipation.

25. US20090076369A1 - Method For Reducing Motion Artifacts In Highly Constrained Medical Images

Full Citation: US20090076369A1
Publication Date: 2009-03-19
Priority Date: 2007-09-17
Assignee: Mistretta Charles A
Brief Description: This patent application describes methods for reducing motion artifacts in medical images.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This is generally relevant to the problem US12171593 aims to solve. It could anticipate the general concept of "generating at least one image correcting for the periodic motion" in Claim 1, depending on the specific techniques described for reducing motion artifacts.

26. US20090299184A1 - Imaging or communications system utilizing multisample apodization and method

Full Citation: US20090299184A1
Publication Date: 2009-12-03
Priority Date: 2008-02-16
Assignee: Walker William F
Brief Description: This patent application relates to imaging systems utilizing multisample apodization. This might involve signal processing techniques that could indirectly affect motion artifact reduction but is not directly about retrospective internal gating.
Potential Anticipated Claim(s): This patent is likely less directly anticipatory of the core claims of US12171593 compared to those explicitly dealing with motion correction or gating, as its focus appears to be on image acquisition and processing techniques unrelated to the generation of a motion function from cyclical signals.

Most Relevant Prior Art

The most relevant prior art for US patent 12171593 are its direct parent applications and granted patents from the same patent family, as they disclose the same invention with earlier priority dates. These include:

US9814431B2 (Publication Date: 2017-11-14, Priority Date: 2007-05-04, Assignee: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)
US10117625B2 (Publication Date: 2018-11-06, Priority Date: 2007-05-04, Assignee: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)
US10448903B2 (Publication Date: 2019-10-22, Priority Date: 2007-05-04, Assignee: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)
US10863950B2 (Publication Date: 2020-12-15, Priority Date: 2007-05-04, Assignee: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)
US11369322B2 (Publication Date: 2022-06-28, Priority Date: 2007-05-04, Assignee: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)

These patents are continuations of earlier applications that claim priority back to the same provisional application, meaning they cover the same or very similar subject matter with an earlier effective filing date. Therefore, they would directly anticipate all claims of US12171593 under 35 U.S.C. § 102.

Beyond the direct family members, other highly relevant prior art that broadly or specifically addresses retrospective internal gating, data-driven motion correction, or respiratory motion extraction in medical imaging include:

US7359535B2 - "Systems and methods for retrospective internal gating"
US20050123183A1 - "Data driven motion correction for nuclear imaging"
US7756307B2 - "Method of, and software for, conducting motion correction for a tomographic scanner"
US7574249B2 - "Device-less gating of physiological movement for improved image detection"
US20080253636A1 / US8229187B2 - "Respiratory motion extraction from tomographic projection and image data"